The Role of School Nutrition Programs in Improving Student Health and Cognitive Abilities

Abstract

 School nutrition programs play a crucial role in supporting student health and cognitive development, especially in regions where malnutrition remains a significant challenge. Adequate nutrition is essential for children’s physical growth, brain development, and academic
performance. Research consistently shows that undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies
can impair attention, memory, and learning capacity, which in turn affects overall educational
outcomes. Indonesia’s Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) program, launched in 2024, exemplifies a national effort to address these issues by providing free, nutritious meals to primary and junior high
school students, particularly in underprivileged areas. By ensuring students receive balanced
meals at school, the MBG program helps reduce the prevalence of anemia and stunting, while
also improving students’ energy levels and concentration during lessons. These improvements
are linked to better classroom participation, higher attendance rates, and enhanced academic
achievement. Evidence from both global and Indonesian studies highlights that school nutrition
programs not only tackle immediate hunger but also contribute to long-term cognitive and educational benefits. By integrating nutrition support within the education sector, programs like
MBG align with global goals such as Zero Hunger (SDG 2) and Quality Education (SDG 4), ultimately investing in the health and future potential of the nation’s youth