Strengthening Health Literacy in Secondary Schools as a Strategy to Achieve SDG 3

Abstract

 Health literacy plays a crucial role in empowering individuals to make informed health decisions, which directly contributes to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-Being). This article, using a literature review method, explores various strategies implemented in secondary schools to enhance students’ health literacy, drawing on findings from both national and international studies. The research highlights that low health literacy among both students and school leaders can hinder health promotion efforts, as seen in the limited implementation of Health Promoting Schools. Effective interventions, such as problem-based learning, the paired literacy technique, and the integration of socio-scientific issues (SSI) into web-based biology education, have been shown to significantly improve students’ understanding, critical thinking, and ability to apply health information. Additionally, schoolwide programs that account for socio-ecological factors and digital media use can further support adolescents in developing lifelong health competencies. Strengthening health literacy in schools is therefore a strategic approach to fostering healthier generations and advancing SDG 3.