The role of technology in enhancing sustainable education in elementary schools: opportunities and challenges

Abstract

This research aims to explore the role of technology in enhancing sustainable education in elementary schools, while also identifying associated opportunities and challenges. The method employed in this study is a systematic literature review, with sources drawn from Google Scholar, DOAJ, and Scopus, covering publications between 2013 and 2024. The findings indicate that technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and the Internet of Things (IoT) provide students with immersive learning experiences to understand environmental issues like air pollution. Moreover, the Community Science Technology (CST) method engages students in practical community-oriented projects, shaping both cognitive and emotional aspects of environmental understanding. Online learning platforms like WhatsApp offer interactive and easily accessible learning opportunities that foster the development of higher-order thinking Skills (HOTS) relevant to environmental education. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed in integrating technology into sustainable education in elementary schools. Some of these include the lack of accessibility and training for teachers to effectively utilize technology, as well as the need for adequate infrastructure to support technology usage. Additionally, ensuring that the technology used aligns with students' needs and learning contexts, as well as expanding educational accessibility for all students, including those in remote or low-income areas, is crucial. By understanding the role of technology and addressing the existing challenges, elementary schools can create sustainable learning environments that positively impact students and communities as a whole. Future research should focus on further evaluating the effectiveness of technology usage in the context of sustainable education and developing more targeted strategies to address the challenges faced in integrating technology into elementary school curricula.